2019年8月29日 星期四

談"李敦白(Sidney Rittenberg): 在中國35年多的美國人"


談"李敦白(Sidney Rittenberg): 在中國35年多的美國人",主要的書目:





Rittenberg attributes his survival in solitary confinement to a poem by Edwin Markham:[8]
They drew a circle that shut me out
Heretic, rebel, a thing to flout
But love and I had the wit to win;⋯⋯
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Sidney Rittenberg at his flat in Beijing. Of the 35 years he spent in China, he served a total of 16 imprisoned in solitary confinement. Disillusioned, he returned to the US in 1980. Photograph: Bettmann



Sidney Rittenberg, Idealistic American
 第一個加入中國共產黨的美國人 ;曾是中共宣傳家,毛澤東的窯洞牌友和忠實助手。
中國的政治犯,在蘇聯間諜案和文革時期,分別引發了毛澤東的疑心,得罪江青入獄,即,因間諜活動和反革命陰謀含冤入獄共約16年。


他認為毛澤東在自己都沒有把握的情況多次進行大規模的社會試驗,讓許多人吃苦受難,許多人犧牲生命,是一件非常嚴重的事,也是影響對其評價的大事,因此反覆提到

“I think China has to face the fact that Mao was one of the worst people in human history,” was Rittenberg’s assessment of Mao in old age. “He was a genius, but his genius got completely out of control, so he was a great historic leader and a great historic criminal. He gave himself the right to conduct social experiments that involved upturning the lives of hundreds of millions of people, when he didn’t know what the outcome might be. And that created famines in which tens of millions died, and a revolution in which nobody knows how many died.” At a personal level, he said: “I didn’t feel any warmth, although he said nice things about me.”

李敦白(Sidney Rittenberg 1921年8月14日-2019年8月24日): 在中國35年多的美國人
 In 1993 his memoir, The Man Who Stayed Behind, was published, and in 2012 he was the subject of the documentary The Revolutionary.
He taught into his 90s at several US universities. On his office door at one there was a sign that read “S. Rittenberg. History.” Under it, he wrote: “Not yet.”

He is survived by Yulin and their children, Jenny, Toni, Sunny and Sidney Jr, and four grandchildren.




a poem by Edwin Markham:
They drew a circle that shut me out
Heretic, rebel, a thing to flout
But love and I had the wit to win;
We drew a circle that took them in.




劉良模(1909-1988):與周恩來(左二)合影,右一為劉良模;教美國歌手唱《義勇軍進行曲》
1940年夏,劉良模被基督教青年會派赴美國求學。太平洋戰爭爆發後,美國對日宣戰,劉良模在美國繼續進行抗日宣傳活動,擔任一個援華機構的講員,介紹中國的抗日戰爭。

78RPM - Chee Lai Songs of New China Paul Robeson Liu Liang Mo (1941) Keynote 109



“And herein lies the tragedy of the age: not that men are poor,––all men know something of poverty; not that men are wicked,––who is good? not that men are ignorant,––what is Truth? Nay, but that men know so little of men.” - W. E. B. DuBois, “The Souls of Black Folk”
The Afro-American intellectual and civil rights activist W.E.B. Dubois studied in Berlin and Heidelberg from 1892 to 1894. He admired Otto von Bismarck, as a man who unified Germany and Dubois hoped the US could follow.

 李敦白(Sidney Rittenberg 1921-2019年8月24日) Major timeline
父母失和; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, majored in philosophy. In 1942, after leaving the Communist Party—Rittenberg joined the Army and was sent to Stanford's Army Far Eastern Language and Area School to learn Chinese.1944年夏隨軍派往中國,1946年到延安,
1949年~1955年 間諜入監。
1968年2月~  1977年11月 和白求恩-延安造反團的成員如愛潑斯坦和丘茉莉夫婦等被逮捕。妻子王玉琳被派往五七幹校。1979年回美國度假,《紐約時報》對他定調;1980年,李敦白攜家人離開中國。
被中國扣押超過半年的澳大利亞籍華裔作家楊恆均,被正式以間諜罪拘捕。他是一名小說作家,也曾是中國外交部工作人員。


1964.1.18 李敦白、Israel Epstein、毛、斯特朗 Anna Louise Strong
1964年,毛泽东与李敦白(左一)、爱泼斯坦(左二)、斯特朗(右一)交谈。

Anna Louise Strong ( 安娜·路易絲·斯特朗 1885 – 1970) 
1921年去蘇聯莫斯科,創辦《莫斯科新聞》1958年第6次到中國,並定居北京,時年72歲。之後主編《中國通訊》。 Eleanor Roosevelt are "reports from Anna Louise Strong during and after her visits to Russia and China" 
Sydney Strong, her father

馬海德, George Hatem,1910-1988),醫生,祖籍黎巴嫩麥騰縣,出生在美國水牛城,1937年加入中國共產黨,長期在陝甘寧邊區從事醫療工作,中華人民共和國成立後加入中華人民共和國籍,是首個獲得中華人民共和國國籍的外籍人士。1936年,馬海德在宋慶齡的介紹下,同埃德加·斯諾前往陝甘寧邊區採訪中國共產黨總部,後為中共事跡感動,決定留在陝北。1937年,他改用馬海德為自己的名字,並加入中國共產黨,任陝甘寧邊區衛生部顧問。
1967


談"李敦白(Sidney Rittenberg): 在中國35年多的美國人",主要的書目:

Publisher: Simon & Schuster ( 1993)
錄音書 

李敦白(Sidney Rittenberg)等: The Man Who Stayed Behind By Sidney Rittenberg and Amanda Bennett. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1993 
Duke University Press, 2001
這個在中國36年的美國人


我在毛澤東身邊的一萬個日子 

李敦白(Sidney Rittenberg),雅瑪達.伯納(Amanda Bennett)作 ; 林瑞唐譯,台北智庫文化<1994



红幕后的洋人 : 李敦白回忆录

李敦白(Sidney Rittenberg),贝內特(Amanda Bennett)著 ; 丁薇译,,上海人民出版社,2006



我是一個中國的美國人 : 李敦白(Sidney Rittenberg)口述歷史

李敦白口述 ; 徐秀麗撰寫
北京:九州出版社,2014
香港:中華,2015.


李敦白(Sidney Rittenberg 1921年8月14日-2019年8月24日)和毛澤東在中共領導人的一次集會上。李敦白曾是中共的宣傳家、毛澤東的忠實助手,但卻遭遇了毛澤東的懷疑、得罪了毛澤東的妻子,並在獄中度過16年。

評論家Vivian Gornick在時報“紅色世紀”專題文章中寫道,美國一度有數十上百萬共產主義者,十月革命是他們的創始神話,馬克思主義是他們的世界觀;有人說,美國曾有共產黨,真是幸運。
《築就我們的國家:20世紀美國左派思想》Achieving Our Country, 源於羅蒂(RichardRorty,1931-2007)於1997年所作的「麥西美國文明史系列講座」。書中的羅蒂自始至終慷慨激昂、充滿自信,他旨在激勵美國左派知識分子積極參與國內事條,重新點燃他們心中的熱情,從而恢復美國文化生活的平衡。

目錄
美國的民族自豪感:惠特曼與杜威American National Pride: Whitman and Dewey
改良左派的衰落The Eclipse of the Reformist Left
文化左派A Cultural Left
附錄
社會運動與政治活動 Movements and Campaigns
文學經典的啟迪價值

我是一個中國的美國人:李敦白口述歷史 2015 
第三部分  智慧療法
一、理解和愛讓我寬容
二、辯證法幫了大忙
三、盡可能保持身體健康
四、監視孔成為溝通世界的重要管道
五、傾聽自己內心的聲音
六、對「不朽」的理解

China Witness (English) Hardcover –Rawson Assoc 1981
Sidney Rittenberg

Sidney Rittenberg, 98, a U.S. soldier who stayed in China for 35 years after World War II, serving as a dedicated aide to Chairman Mao Zedong. After being incarcerated twice on espionage charges, he became disillusioned with Communism and moved back to the U.S., where he advised companies seeking to capitalize on China’s booming economy.

He had no regrets for the years he spent in China. 
He was motivated then, as now, to support the Chinese people’s quest to taste the responsibilities and rewards of freedom.




The best personal thing to come out of Rittenberg’s years in China was acquiring “the world’s best wife,” he said. “In my 98 years of existence, I did one really smart thing on my own,” he said. He and Yulin became friends before he expressed more serious feelings. “When I got out of prison, she was put in charge of getting me back to normal life…whatever that is. Our quarrels always end with me having the last word…Yes, dear,” he said, laughing.


 Henry Kissinger、1923年 -GTE的故事
五、「通往中國之路」六、你們最需要的是:我!ComputerLand
七、「李敦白有限公司」/IBM

三、協助華萊士訪華Mike Wallace (1918~2012 ) of CBS as the lead reporter on 60 Minutes
四、葛培理牧師 the Rev. Billy Graham(1918 – 2018)

1996 Congressional Gold Medal shows Ruth and Billy Graham in profile (obverse); the Ruth and Billy Graham Children's Health Center in Asheville, North Carolina (reverse).

2012/90 歲

1967?/ The Revolutionary (2012) - IMDb

第五部分  風雨故人:一、宋慶齡 二、周恩來 三、陳毅 四、王震  五、李先念 六、劉少奇 七、王光美 八、鄧小平 九、任弼時 十、廖承志 十一、陸定一 十二、聶榮臻 十三、賀龍 十四、彭真十五、張體學 十六、陳少敏 十七、師哲 十八、溫濟澤 十九、丁一嵐 二十、于光遠二十一、丁玲二十二、周揚 二十三、李慎之 二十四、新華社的「怪」專家 二十五、陶鑄二十六、冀朝鼎 二十七、陳翰笙二十八、孟用潛 二十九、錢鍾書三十、郭沫若三十一、楊憲益三十二、江青三十三、張春橋三十四、陳伯達 三十五、王洪文三十六、王力三十七、蒯大富 三十八、聶元梓三十九、安娜.路易斯.斯特朗 四十、馬海德四十一、愛潑斯坦四十二、寒春  陽早四十三、馬尼婭四十四、舒子章四十五、朱鎔基



“I think as far as the United States is concerned, we don’t really understand what we’re dealing with in China, and therefore it is not possible to deal intelligently with it,” …Intelligent people are threatening the largest country in the world with destruction. “So suppose if they really get an opportunity to carry out those threats; would it be possible to destroy the other without destroying one’s self? How could that be possible?” He suggested “why not give up on the idea of destruction?”~ Aug. 14, 2019 interview

“他的故事引人入勝,或許最好理解成現代中國的縮影,”記者加里·里夫林曾寫道。 “他從身陷囹圄的僑民搖身一變,成為收費不菲的國際中間人,反映出這個國家的轉變——從一個封閉的共產主義國家轉變成一個自由賺錢的社會,擁有一批新的企業家,他們的夢想與硅谷那樣的地方人們腦海中的夢想並無二致。”
“我幫助那些為新中國效力的人是對的,”李敦白曾在回憶錄中寫道。 “但我把黨當作真理的化身,對黨給予不加批判、毫不懷疑的忠誠卻是大錯特錯。”李敦白於上週六在美國去世,享年98歲


李敦白(Sidney Rittenberg)荒誕的人生傳奇不僅止於在中國度過的35年——獲釋後,他回到美國,成為西方資本家的顧問,幫助他們在開拓中國市場的過程中賺大錢。比爾·蓋茨和邁克爾·S·戴爾等商業領袖都是他的客戶。在中國,他仍然受到歡迎,帶領企業家組團旅行,把他們介紹給這個國家的權勢人物。

Rittenberg's connections and experience enabled him to run a consultancy business representing some of the world's biggest brands, such as Intel, Levi Strauss, Microsoft, Hughes Aircraft and Teledesic
 In 1993, he wrote a book about his experiences in China entitled The Man Who Stayed Behind.
In 2012, a documentary about Rittenberg was released, called The Revolutionary


Manage Your Mind: Set Yourself Free Paperback –  2016
by Sidney Rittenberg

Sidney Rittenberg was imprisoned in China on false charges for sixteen years. Yet instead of being angry, scarred, or bitter, he is merry, affectionate, balanced, and fun. In this book, he offers the welcome news that we are stronger than we think. We can learn ways that can guide us through struggles we never imagined. We can use our minds to deal with negative emotions and help us identify our purpose. Everyone can benefit from these life lessons, learned the hard way.

“Manage Your Mind, Set Yourself Free,” to answer the most asked question, “How did you survive 16 years in solitary confinement in prison?” “How does it happen that my life was struck by a series of disasters like long-term solitary and then being stricken by some mysterious disease, and yet turns out to be an unusually happy life?
“How is that possible? I think the answer is…no matter what happens, you are in charge of your life, but you have to take charge.”

我是一個中國的美國人:李敦白口述歷史 第三部分  智慧療法
一、理解和愛讓我寬容
二、辯證法幫了大忙 Dialectic Society
三、盡可能保持身體健康
四、監視孔成為溝通世界的重要管道
五、傾聽自己內心的聲音
六、對「不朽」的理解









Ben Chen 背景的對聯,是徐悲鴻的字。
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李敦白(Sidney Rittenberg 1921年8月14日-2019年8月24日):